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We can now attempt passwordless authentication with our Ubuntu server. In this tutorial our user is named sammy but you should substitute the appropriate username into the above command.
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If you’re using the root account to set up keys for a user account, it’s also important that the ~/.ssh directory belongs to the user and not to root: This recursively removes all “group” and “other” permissions for the ~/.ssh/ directory. It should start with ssh-rsa AAAA.įinally, we’ll ensure that the ~/.ssh directory and authorized_keys file have the appropriate permissions set: In the above command, substitute the public_key_string with the output from the cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub command that you executed on your local system. echo public_key_string > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys.You can add the contents of your id_rsa.pub file to the end of the authorized_keys file, creating it if necessary, using this command: Now, you can create or modify the authorized_keys file within this directory. This command will create the directory if necessary, or do nothing if it already exists: Once you have access to your account on the remote server, you should make sure the ~/.ssh directory exists. Outputssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAACAQCqql6MzstZYh1TmWWv11q5O3pISj2ZFl9HgH1JLknLLx44+tXfJ7mIrKNxOOwxIxvcBF8PXSYvobFYEZjGIVCEAjrUzLiIxb圜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 your remote host using whichever method you have available. cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh remote_host "mkdir -p ~/.ssh & touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys & chmod -R go= ~/.ssh & cat > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys".This will let us add keys without destroying previously added keys. We’ll use the > redirect symbol to append the content instead of overwriting it. We can then output the content we piped over into a file called authorized_keys within this directory. On the other side, we can make sure that the ~/.ssh directory exists and has the correct permissions under the account we’re using. We can do this by using the cat command to read the contents of the public SSH key on our local computer and piping that through an SSH connection to the remote server. If you do not have ssh-copy-id available, but you have password-based SSH access to an account on your server, you can upload your keys using a conventional SSH method. Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh ' 203.0.113.1'"Īnd check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.Īt this point, your id_rsa.pub key has been uploaded to the remote account. This is the account to which your public SSH key will be copied. To use the utility, you specify the remote host that you would like to connect to, and the user account that you have password-based SSH access to. For this method to work, you must already have password-based SSH access to your server. The ssh-copy-id tool is included by default in many operating systems, so you may have it available on your local system. If you do not have ssh-copy-id available to you on your client machine, you may use one of the two alternate methods provided in this section (copying via password-based SSH, or manually copying the key). Due to its simplicity, this method is highly recommended if available. The quickest way to copy your public key to the Ubuntu host is to use a utility called ssh-copy-id. Step 2 - Copying the Public Key to Your Ubuntu Server The next step is to place the public key on your server so that you can use SSH-key-based authentication to log in. You now have a public and private key that you can use to authenticate. SHA256:/hk7MJ5n5aiqdfTVUZr+2Qt+qCiS7BIm5Iv0dxrc3ks key's randomart image is: Your public key has been saved in / your_home/.ssh/id_rsa.pub OutputYour identification has been saved in / your_home/.ssh/id_rsa